PHP Call By Reference - javatpoint
PHP Call By Reference
In case of PHP call by reference, actual value is modified if it is modified inside the function. In such case, you need to use & (ampersand) symbol with formal arguments. The & represents reference of the variable.
Let's understand the concept of call by reference by the help of examples.
Example 1
In this example, variable $str is passed to the adder function where it is concatenated with 'Call By Reference' string. Here, printing $str variable results 'This is Call By Reference'. It is because changes are done in the actual variable $str.
- <?php
- function adder(&$str2)
- {
- $str2 .= 'Call By Reference';
- }
- $str = 'This is ';
- adder($str);
- echo $str;
- ?>
Output:
Java Try Catch
This is Call By Reference
Example 2
Let's understand PHP call by reference concept through another example.
- <?php
- function increment(&$i)
- {
- $i++;
- }
- $i = 10;
- increment($i);
- echo $i;
- ?>
Output:
11